Place your order now at Essay For All and get the best Non-Hodgkin lymphoma nursing assignment help. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that develops in the lymphatic tissue and lymph nodes of various organs such as the skin, intestines, and stomach. Sometimes, non-Hodgkin lymphoma can develop in the blood or the bone marrow. The lymphatic system in the human body deal with the immune system and the body’s ability to fight against infections.
However, non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a condition that features abnormal growth of lymphocytes resulting in tumor formation in the body. Whenever you encounter a patient likely to be suffering from non-Hodgkin lymphoma, it is vital to perform the necessary diagnosis and treatment for the condition and support improved life quality for the patient. Contact our expert tutors whenever you need professional non-Hodgkin lymphoma nursing homework help services.
Types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
It is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by skin tumors, scaly round patches on the skin, and rash-like skin redness. Other symptoms of the disease are hair loss, enlarged lymph nodes, and thickening of the skin on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. The cutaneous T cell lymphoma starts in the T lymphocytes. Though the cells are involved in the body’s germ-fighting immune system, the disease’s development makes the T cells gain defects that make them attack the skin.
Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma
Cutaneous B cell lymphoma is also a cancer type that attacks the skin and begins in the white blood cells for germ fighting, known as the B cells. Based on our non-Hodgkin lymphoma nursing homework doers, the various types of cutaneous B cell lymphoma are;
- Intravascular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
- Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type
- Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma
- Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma
Some basic tests for diagnosing cutaneous B cell lymphoma include imaging tests, bone marrow biopsy, blood tests, skin biopsy, and physical exam. Depending on the type of condition, a healthcare giver may use wide-ranging treatment options, including targeted drug therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, or radiation therapy.
Follicular lymphoma
It is a form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is slowly growing and affects lymphocytes. Follicular lymphoma forms when white blood cells accumulate to form lumps in specific body organs or around the lymph glands. Some factors that increase a person’s risk of developing the condition are infections, family history, sex, and age. The typical sign of follicular lymphoma is enlarged groin, armpit, or neck glands. Close monitoring of the condition is essential since it does not need treatment, especially if it is still in its early stages.
Signs and symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
non-Hodgkin lymphoma can easily be confused with other illnesses such as mononucleosis, infections, HIV, cat scratch fever, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, or influenza. The early stages of the disease hardly show any symptoms. Therefore, medical examinations or screening tests may help to look for the chances of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. According to Essay For All tutors, the best way to early detection of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is by focusing on the displayed signs and symptoms such as enlargement of lymph nodes, painless lumps forming under the skin, and others also be located in the groin, armpit or around the neck. Other prevalent symptoms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma are;
- severe or frequent infections
- Unexplained weight loss
- Night sweats
- Fever
- Persistent fatigue
- Chest pain
- Troubled breathing
- Abdominal swelling and pain
- Swollen lymph nodes in the groin, armpits, and neck
Risk factors for non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Some of the common predisposing factors for non-Hodgkin lymphoma is older age. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is not common among children but rather prevalent among people over 60. Therefore, age advancement will likely increase one’s chances of developing the disease. Exposure to certain chemicals like pesticides and herbicides is also a significant factor in developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Prolonged exposure to the chemicals can result in mutations related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Hence adopting safe protective measures when handling such chemicals is very important. There are also infections with certain bacteria and viruses that heighten the risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In this case, ulcer-causing helicobacter pylori is commonly associated with the disease. According to Essay For All tutors, medications that suppress the immune system, especially after having an organ transplant, predispose a person to the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Other risk factors are;
- Family history
- Race
- Genetics
- Lifestyle
- Immune disorders
- Occupational factors
Causes for non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Though healthcare givers and scientists do not know the cause of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, they assume that the condition starts with the body’s production of excess abnormal lymphocytes. The body requires lymphocytes but in healthy form and adequate amounts. Based on the lifestyle of lymphocytes, the mature or the old lymphocytes die, and the body produces new ones for replacement.
However, non-Hodgkin lymphoma presents a situation whereby lymphocytes never die, but the body continues making new ones faster. The overproduction results in the clustering of the excess lymphocytes in the lymph nodes causing swells. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma can begin in the T cells or the B cells. T cells are the lymphocyte type involved in the direct killing of foreign invaders—only a few cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma result from the T cells.
However, B cells are primarily associated with developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma under certain conditions. Naturally, B cells are lymphocytes that fight infections by producing antibodies for neutralizing foreign invaders. Some of the sub-classifications of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that concern the B cells are;
- Burkitt lymphoma
- Mantle cell lymphoma
- Follicular lymphoma
Starting points for non-Hodgkin lymphoma
non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a health condition that affects the lymphatic system, which is an integral part of the immune system responsible for fighting infections. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma may start in any part of the body having lymph tissue. However, the common and main sites of lymph tissues are;
Thymus
In the body, the thymus is located behind the upper part of the breast bone but in front of the heart. It plays a crucial role in developing T lymphocytes.
Bone marrow
Based on our experts, bone marrow is the spongy tissue located on the inside of bones which is a site for the production of blood cells, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
Spleen
The spleen is a small organ under the lower ribs on the left part of the body. It is instrumental in producing lymphocytes and other related immune system cells. According to Essay For All professionals, the spleen also aids in storing healthy blood cells and filtration of damaged bacteria, blood cells, and cell waste.
Lymph nodes
from our online non-Hodgkin lymphoma nursing assignment help notes, lymph nodes are a set of immune system cells and lymphocytes distributed in various body organs, including the pelvis, abdomen, and chest, linked to a network of lymphatic vessels.
Adenoids and tonsils
Tonsils and adenoids are a collection of lymph tissues available at the back of the throat. They aid in producing antibodies to fight against swallowed or breathed-in germs.
Treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Based on Essay For All expert tutors, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the standard treatment options for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Chemotherapy
Whenever an individual gets diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chemotherapy can be an alternative treatment option to destroy cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be used alone or with other treatments, such as biological or radiotherapy. Chemotherapy also varies depending on the stage of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The chemotherapy medications may be administered orally through the mouth or intravenously. Chemotherapy injections apply if there are chances of the cancer cells spreading to the brain. In this case, the chemotherapy injection is directed to the cerebrospinal fluid around the spine to kill any possible cancer cells. Despite the effectiveness of chemotherapy, it has various side effects on the patient, which encompass;
- Easy bruising and bleeding
- Increased exposure to infections
- Breathlessness
- Hair loss
- Skin rashes
- Nausea and vomiting
- Infertility
- Loss of appetite
- Fatigue
Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy among patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma applies, mainly when the cancer cells are localized. However, radiotherapy ceases to be effective whenever the cancerous cells spread to various body parts. That is why radiotherapy commonly applies in treating the early stages of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Like chemotherapy, radiotherapy also has various side effects, the common ones being;
- Loss of appetite
- Dry mouth
- Nausea and vomiting
- Body weakness and fatigue
- Sore and red skin in the treatment area
Application of monoclonal antibody therapy in the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Based on our non-Hodgkin lymphoma nursing assignment helpers, monoclonal antibody therapy is a treatment that uses medicines that attack cancerous and healthy signals and signals the immune system to attack and kill the cells. Depletion of the treatment enables the level of healthy cells to embark on their average amounts. Monoclonal antibody therapy can work alone or combined with chemotherapy to support increased efficiency in treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Continued exposure to the therapy is always essential in minimizing the chances of cancer recurring in the future. Visit Essay For All for more insights into monoclonal antibody therapy.
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